webhosting   Cheap Reseller Hosting   links    free hosting by fateback   hosting reseller   100WebSpace offers 100MB Web Space 
Free Links
Free Image Hosting, Web Hosting, Architectural Projects in Bulgaria, Famous People & Celebrity Search, Web Page Hosting
Curiosities and mysteries of the township Milicz
from the south-eastern Poland
(bilingual, in English For English version click on this flag and Polish Dla polskiej wersji kliknij na ta flage)
Updated:
25 August 2007


Click "X" or "No" when sabotaging messages of supposed errors try to interrupt your viewing of this page



Menu 1:

(Choice of language:)


(Homepage:)

Index

(In English here:)

Milicz

Battle of Milicz

St. Andrea Bobola

Wszewilki

Wszewilki of tomorrow

Wrocław

Malbork

Demolition of hall in Katowice

Korea

Hosta

New Zealand

Tapanui

Free energy

Telekinetic cell

Telekinesis

Telekinesis Free Zone

Telepathy

Seismograph

Artefact

Concept of Dipolar Gravity

Totalizm

Parasitism

Karma

Moral laws

Time vehicles

Propulsion

Magnocraft

Oscillatory Chamber

Military use of magnocraft

Evidence of UFO activities

UFO

Cloud-UFOs

Bandits amongst us

Tornado

Hurricanes

Katrina

Landslips

Predators

26th day

Plague

Changelings

WTC

Columbia

Aliens

UFOnauts

Evil

Antichrist

About God

Nirvana

Truth

About me (Prof. Dr Eng. Jan Pajak)

My job search

Aleksander Możajski

Pigs from Chinese zodiac

Pigs Photos

Tropical fruit

Healing

Evolution of humans

All-in-one

Greek keyboard

Russian keyboard

Solving Rubik's cube 3x3=9

Solving Rubik's cube 4x4=16

Better humanity

Party of totalizm

FAQ - questions

Replicate

Memorial

Sabotages

Menu 2

Menu 4

Source replica of this page

Text [8e]

Text [7]

Text [7/2]

Text [6/2]

Text [5/3]

X text [2e]

Text [2e]: 1, 2, 3

X text [1e]

Text [1e]: 1, 2, 3

X text [1/4]:

Monograph [1/4]:
E, 1, 2, 3, P, X

Monograph [1/5]:


(Po polsku na tej witrynie:)

Milicz

Bitwa o Milicz

Św. Andrzej Bobola

Liceum Ogólnokształcące w Miliczu

Klasa Pani Hass z LO Milicz

Wszewilki

Zwiedzaj Wszewilki i Milicz

Wszewilki jutra

Zlot "Wszewilki-2007"

Unieważniony Zjazd "2007"

Poprzedni Zlot "2006"

Raport Zlotu "2006"

Wrocław

Malbork

Zburzenie hali w Katowicach

Korea

Hosta

Tapanui

Nowa Zelandia

Darmowa energia

Telekinetyczne ogniwo

Telekineza

Strefa wolna od telekinezy

Telepatia

Sejsmograf

Artyfakt

Koncept Dipolarnej Grawitacji

Totalizm

Pasożytnictwo

Karma

Prawa moralne

Wehikuły czasu

Napędy

Magnokraft

Komora oscylacyjna

Militarne użycie magnokraftu

Dowody działań UFO na Ziemi

UFO

Chmury-UFO

Bandyci wśród nas

Tornado

Huragany

Katrina

Lawiny ziemne

Ludobójcy

26ty dzień

Przepowiednie

Plaga

Podmieńcy

WTC

Columbia

Kosmici

UFOnauci

Zło

Antychryst

O Bogu

Nirwana

Prawda

O mnie (Prof. dr inż. Jan Pająk)

Poszukuję pracy

Aleksander Możajski

Świnka z chińskiego zodiaku

Zdjęcia ozdobnych świnek

Owoce tropiku

Uzdrawianie

Ewolucja ludzi

Wszystko-w-jednym

Grecka klawiatura

Rosyjska klawiatura

Rozwiązanie kostki Rubika 3x3=9

Rozwiązanie kostki Rubika 4x4=16

Lepsza ludzkość

Partia totalizmu

Absolwenci 1964

Absolwenci 1970

FAQ - częste pytania

Replikuj

Memoriał

Sabotaże

Menu 2

Menu 4

Źródłowa replika tej strony

Tekst [8p]

Tekst [7]

Tekst [7/2]

Tekst [7b]

Tekst [6/2]

Tekst [5/4] 1, 2, 3

Tekst [4c]: 1, 2, 3

Tekst [4b]

Tekst [3b]

Tekst [2]

Tekst [1/3]: 1, 2, 3

X tekst [1/4]:

Monografia [1/4]:
P, 1, 2, 3, E, X

Monografia [1/5]:


(Hier auf Deutsch:)

Freie Energie

Telekinesis

Moralische Gesetze

Totalizm

Über mich

Menu 2

Menu 4

Quelreplica dieser Seite


(Aquí en espańol:)

Energía libre

Telekinesis

Leyes morales

Totalizm

Sobre mí

Menu 2

Menu 4

Reproducción de la fuente de esta página


(Ici en français:)

Énergie libre

Telekinesis

Lois morales

Totalizm

Au sujet de moi

Menu 2

Menu 4

Reproduction de source de cette page


(Qui in italiano:)

Energia libera

Telekinesis

Leggi morali

Totalizm

Circa me

Menu 2

Menu 4

Replica di fonte di questa pagina




Menu 2:

(scrollable)

(Here is the list of all web pages from this server, arranged by language (in 8 languages). Choose the page that interests you by dragging scroll bars, then click on this page to run it:)

Here the page menu2.htm should be displayed.

(The same list can be displayed from "Menu 1" by clicking over there on "Menu 2".)



Menu 4: (Alternatywne adresy internetowe tej witryny, np.:)

bandits.netfast.org

users3.nofeehost.com/devils

energy.atspace.org

evidence.ueuo.com

evil.thefreehost.biz

evolution.prohosts.org

fruit.sitesled.com

god.anfor.net

god.ez-sites.ws

gravity.my-place.us

healing.happyhost.org

karma.freewebpages.org

karma.phpnet.us

nirvana.phpnet.us

one.fsphost.com/parasitism

parasitism.xphost.org

rubik.php0h.com

tapanui.ifastnet.com

wroclaw.s4u.org

wszewilki.greatnow.com

energia.sl.pl

members.fortunecity.com

milicz.fateback.com

propulsion.250free.com

storm.prohosting.com/craters

timevehicle.150m.com

www.totalizm.pl

ufonauci.w.interia.pl

a.1asphost.com/Tapanui

extraordinary.biz.ly

i.1asphost.com/1964

mozajski.freewebspace.com




Menu 4:

(scrollable)

Here is the list of all my web pages from all servers. These are arranged primarily by language (i.e. as web pages in Polish, English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Greek, and Russian.) For each language web pages are arranged by their subjects. Choose the page that interests you by dragging scroll bars, then click on this page to run it:

Here the page menu.htm should be displayed.

(The same list can be displayed from "Menu 1" by clicking over there on "Menu 4".)


Welcome to this web page on curiosities, puzzles, mysteries, and attractions of the town Milicz from the Lower Silesia Province of Poland!
       In antiquity, two most important roads of our planet were called the "silk route", and the "amber route". The silk route was a transcontinental road that linked Mediterranean countries with China. In turn the amber route was a trans-European road which linked Mediterranean countries with coasts of the Baltic Sea. One of the branches of this enormously important trans-European artery led from Wroclaw to Milicz, and later via Gniezno to Gdansk and to coasts of the Baltic Sea. So "amber" turns out to be a dynamic, town-creating substance, due to which Milicz owns its origins and evolution to the present form. In old days amber was an enormously desired commodity. Merchants from the south of Europe and from northern part of Africa flooded vicinity of the present city of Gdansk in order to purchase this substance. In turn the road which they followed then, needed to be carefully selected. Namely it needed to lead through areas relatively free from bandits and hostile tribes. It also needed to have a human settlement every around one day of travel in a slow horse wagon, so that these merchants could stop there safely for nights. This carefully selected, relatively safe road, along which were then travelling merchant caravans carrying amber, as well as various long-distance travellers, with the elapse of time was called the amber route. Although gradually amber lost its role of a stimulator of trade, still new goods and new political reasons appeared, which forced people to travel between north and south of the Europe. So in spite that many centuries elapsed, the "amber route" remained the most important communication artery of the Europe, through which were shifted huge masses of people and goods. For a lucky benefit of citizens of Milicz, one of the branches of this important and busy artery was leading through their town. (One of the most convincing evidence that the "amber route" in fact led through Milicz, were relatively frequent findings of weathered ancient amber products taking place in times of my youth. I remember that in second class of my primary school I had a classmate, who was bringing to the school a lot of very old jewellery made of weathered amber, pieces of which probably were over 1000 years old. The amber in them was already so weathered, that it lost the colour, cracked, and was very brittle. I believe, that someone from his family most probably discovered somewhere in Milicz an ancient "amber treasure" of some sort, similar to the one found in the suburb Wroclaw-Partynice, which is discussed on the web page Wroclaw from Menu 1.) Milicz in old days was located very conveniently on this "amber route". It was distant from Wroclaw exactly by two days of walk on foot or drive in a heavy horse wagon, or by a single day of a fast ride on horseback or in a fast cart. So in Milicz were stopping for night both, the slow travelling merchant caravans loaded with heavy goods, as well as fast travellers on horseback and in fast carts. Thus with the elapse of time Milicz become a kind of a "hotel town" on the amber route. It supplied travellers with all sorts of "hotel services". Merchants and travellers stopped there for a night or two, rested, ate, drank, gambled, visited local prostitutes, sold their goods, replenished supplies, repaired damaged equipment, buried those amongst them who died on the road, while in times when Christianity become popular in Europe - also prayed in churches of Milicz for the lucky course of their further trip. (For details of these "church services" from Milicz - see the web page from Menu 1 about a church of St. Andrzej Bobola.)
* * *
       Milicz is a small township locates in the province of Poland called "Lower Silesia", means locates in the south-western corner of Poland. Milicz is a very old town. On the present territory of Milicz, human settlements supposedly existed already in around 7 000 B.C., means still in prehistoric times. Remains of old Slavian fortifications locally called "Chmielnik", which are dated from that prehistoric period, are located on the right bank of the river Barycz, between Milicz and the present village Wszewilki, means not far from the present street called "Krotoszyńska". As a quite sizable medieval town Milicz existed already in 1136, when it was for the first time mentioned in writing in the so-called "bulli dla arcybiskupa gnieźnieńskiego" (i.e. "Bulla for Gniezno Archbishop"). Already then it was an important trade and craft centre. It was also a hometown for an old Slavian province capitol located on the road between Wroclaw and Gniezno. Starting from 12 century until a mid 14 century it belonged to the Wroclaw Capitulate. Then, until the year 1492 Milicz was owned by Prince of Olesnica. The town rights Milicz received in 1323. In 14 century a large fortified castle was constructed in Milicz, the ruins of which exist until today in Milicz park. In 1339 Jan Luxemburg captured this castle by a trick. In 1432 the town and was captured by Husyts. In 18 century the fortified castle in Milicz was burned, to never be rebuild again. Until today only ruins remain from this castle, which can be looked upon in the Milicz communal park. Also numerous underground tunnels are left, which are to be described in more details in various items of this page. In 1742 Milicz was included into the country Prussia. In 1875 it received a railway connection with the outside world. In 1945 was again joined with Poland. Currently it is a blooming city and the target of visits of increasingly larger number of tourists and holiday makers. A satelite photograph of present Milicz can be seen on the web page http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=51.551406,17.286901&spn=0.026010,0.058545&t=k&hl=en. (Please notice on this photograph the course of the railway that runs vertically close to the left side of the photo, and also the course of river Barycz, which crosses the photograph horizontally in half of the height. Notice that a similar satellite photograph of the nearby village Wszewilki is available from the web site on Wszewilki.)
* * *
       The present population of Milicz is difficult to determine, because the administrative borders of Milicz do not coincide with natural breaks in human settlements. In the result, such suburbs of Milicz, as Wszewilki, Slawoszewice, czy Karlów, administratively do NOT belong to Milicz, although in fact are combined with Milicz into a single town-system. Of course, in old days these suburbs were separate human settlements. Thus old counts of population of Milicz are more precise. According to a book "Na Ziemi Ojcow - Rocznik Ziem Zachodnich i Polnocnych" (i.e. "On Lands of Ancestors - Almanac of Northern and Western Provinces") published in 1962 by "Towarzystwo Rozwoju Ziem Zachodnich" (i.e. "Association of the Development of Western Provinces"), in 1761 Milicz had 719 inhabitants, in 1825 - 2207 inhabitants, in 1914 - 3 374, in 1936 - 4 816, in 1945 means immediately after the war - only 450 inhabitants, while in 1960 - 6 333 (in this number 3 450 was under the age of 25 years old). In 1993 Milicz was already having 12 500 inhabitants (data from 6-volume "Nowej Encyklopedii Powszechnej", PWN, 1998). However, all these are data for the old town of Milicz. In turn the entire town complex of Milicz, which includes also suburbs linked with Milicz, in 2004 probably counted to around 30 000 inhabitants. Of course, in present times of computers, lacking telephone books, diminishing boundaries between human settlements, and rapid migrations of population, it is extremely difficult to keep a correct count how many people actually live in Milicz. After all, one would firstly need to clearly define where finishes the sphere of direct influences of the town Milicz - as we know such a task is not easy to complete.
* * *
       This web page aims at presenting folkloristic stories and curiosities regarding Milicz, means non-scientific facts. This practically means that whatever is presented here, it tries only to repeat and illustrate faithfully what various people used to tell, claim, or believe about Milicz. (After all, in old times there were no TV sets, thus during long winter evenings people used to entertain themselves with various stories. Also even when this page repeats whatever someone knew for certain, still this information could be infiltrated by various errors caused by memory tricks.) This page is NOT aimed at proving or verifying how much of what it says is true, nor what factual, historical, or scientific value it has. Furthermore, the very nature of the information presented here is such, that even if these folkloristic stories contain exclusively historic truth, still in present times most probably it would not be possible to scientifically prove that this is scientifically correct. Therefore the matter of judgement about the level of truth in what is presented below, I leave to the discretion of readers.
(Notice that you can see the enlargement of each photograph from this web site, simply by clicking on this photograph. Most of the Internet browsers that you may use, allow also to download each illustration to your own computer, and then look at it, reduce or enlarge the size of it, or print it, with your own graphical software.)

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1: This photograph was taken in July 2004 from the top of a flood barrier of the present river Barycz. The photographing lens was directed towards north. The photograph shows the present appearance of an ancient fortifications called "Chmielnik" from which present Milicz originates. This fortification is actually that circular flat hill in the centre of the photograph, under which two sizable trees are growing, while on the flat top of which several working archaeologists are visible (one of them in white shirt). The buildings of the village on horizon behind this fortification are Wszewilki.

#1. Prehistory of Milicz, means ancient fortifications Chmielnik:

       On the right bank of the Barycz river, in the area where this river formed almost a complete loop, located is the ancient fortified settlement from which present Milicz originates. This ancient fortified settlement is now popularly called "Chmielnik". The best access to it is by the road that runs parallel to the river Barycz, and begins from the present street named "Krotoszyńska". This fortified settlement is located between the river Barycz, village Wszewilki, a street of Milicz named "Krotoszyńska", and railway track from Milicz to Krotoszyn.
       The written information that I saw in Regional Museum of Milicz, states that traces of human settlements found in the area of present Milicz indicates that Milicz was already populated around 7000 years B.C. If this information is a hard fact that results from solid archaeological research and from e.g. carbon dating, then it would make the ancient settlement of Milicz older than Polish Biskupin and even some Egyptian pyramids.
       In order to learn more details about the prehistory of Milicz, it is worth to visit the Regional Museum of Milicz (in Polish called Izba Regionalna). It is located in closest to the town wing of the palace of Maltzan, in which in 2004 the Complex of Nature Schools of Milicz was located (in Polish named the "Zespół Szkół Przyrodniczych"). That Regional Museum of Milicz is described in item 9 below.

#2. Pre-Christian believes from Milicz, means the Ruler of Milicz:

       Before Christianity arrived to Milicz, local Slavians used to worship a range of various pagan gods. The most important out of these was the "Ruler of Milicz", means a local pagan god which was the subject of a "fear worship" (possibly it was a morally decadent UFOnaut, that used to show himself to local primitive people and indulged in scaring these people). This pagan god, carved from a single piece of oak timber and preserved until today, can be seen in the Regional Museum of Milicz discussed before. A photograph of this pagan god is shown in Figure 2. The fact of the use of oak timber for carving this god, suggests that most probably this "Ruler of Milicz" was actually a Slavian god named "Pierun" (this one which is still commonly used in a popular saying from vicinity of Poznan in Poland, stating that "go to Pierun" - meaning almost the same as "go to hell").
Fig. 2.

Fig. 2: This is a photograph of a pagan god, which in Regional Museum of Milicz is exhibited under name of the "Ruler of Milicz". We do not know much now on his subject, apart from the fact that once it was a subject of pagan cult on the area of present Milicz. I personally believe that it represents a Slavian god that used to be called "Pierun", and that in pagan times it was originally placed under an old oak located in the area of pagan cult practiced in ancient times on what presently is the cemetery in Wszewilki (this cemetery and the god Pierun worshiped in there are discussed in items 3 and 8 of the internet page Wszewilki. The premise which led me to such a belief that most probably it is a god "Pierun" from the cult area of Wszewilki, is firstly the fact that this sculpture was carved from a single piece of oak timber, in the scale of 1:1 (means it has the size of an adult man). In turn oak for ancient Slavians was a holly tree "reserved" for the cult of this god "Pierun". In turn the premise that this sculpture most probably originates from ate cult area of Wszewilki, is the fact that in a close range from Milicz apart for Wszewilki there was no other cult place devoted to this god. It is worth to add, that in times of preparing this description, the sculpture was not carbon dated yet. However, by the level of decay it can be estimated that it is over 2000 years old. In turn this age would coincide with the approximate dating of the discussed cult area, explained in item 3 on the web page devoted to Wszewilki.
Fig. 3.

Fig. 3: Ruins of the Milicz castle. These can be seen in the Milicz communal park, not far from the palace of Milicz margrave (margrabia).
       In years 1960 to 1964, means when I still attended my high school studies in the Lyceum of General Education in Milicz, ruins of this fortified castle were still in a relatively good state. Thus more courageous out of my school colleagues could play in large rooms of this castle, as well as investigate its hidden passages and undergrounds. Especially exciting was then the fact that in ruins of this castle, still was then accessible the entrance to underground tunnels and chambers, that led from this castle to several different locations. In turn in these tunnels, according to various stories, old treasures supposed to be hidden. These tunnels were investigated quite thoroughly by Zbyszek - famous tracker of mysteries, and my colleague from an older class in the Lyceum, as well as the neighbour from the same village Wszewilki. As probably some older residents of Milicz may remember, Zbyszek discovered in these tunnels a storage of old white weapon and knights' armours. After wearing these he used to scare people that walked in the park. Finally, dressed in a full knight's armour and carrying a heavy sword, police managed to catch him, and paraded along the entire town before at the police station they managed to convince him to stop further scaring of people in the park. Out of whatever was rumoured about these underground tunnels in times of my studies in the Lyceum, one such tunnel supposed to lead from this fortified castle to the palace of margrave (margrabia) Maltzan, then to the tomb of margrave. Other tunnel led to cellars of the town-hall in Milicz, and to several cellars of buildings in Milicz old town centre. Still another led under the river Barycz to Stawiec, where it emerged to the surface near sources of water for the Palace of margrave (margrabia). This tunnel to Stawiec was connected with the tunnel from the palace of Sapiecha family in Cieszkow, while it emerged to the surface in forests near Cieszkow (see Figure 5a). The part of it close to Cieszkow was separated with a wall and utilised as the storage for wines and spirits before the World War Two. At present time this exit serves as the shelter for bats (it is shown in Figure 5a from this web page).

#3. Milicz fortified castle:

       In the second half of 14-the century, the prince of Olesnica constructed a fortified castle in Milicz. It was build in the gothic style. It was surrounded with a moat and a wide defence wall. Inside of it, an oval yard (i.e. the castle's "keep") with a well was located. This castle was burned during wars with Husyts. In 16th century it was rebuild again, but this time in a renaissance style. In 1797 this castle partially burned again. In the consequence of this fire, owners of this castle then, means family of Maltzans, discouraged by such constant fires and the need to rebuild it repetitively, instead of rebuilding it, decided to build a separate palace nearby. This palace exists until today - see Figure 8. In turn the castle gradually fall into disuse. Especially fast it degenerated after the second world war. I remember from times of my childhood (i.e. from 1950s), that the ruins of it were in incomparably better state than they are now.

#4. Medieval wells in castles – secret doors to freedom:

       Old fortified castles used to maintain numerous underground tunnels and cellars for cases of invasion. Exists from these tunnels were hidden in forests many kilometres from a given castle. The fortified castle in Milicz was not an exception from this rule. It also had numerous tunnels that led from it in various directions. Many of these tunnels were still in good order just after the Second World War. I remember that some of my school colleagues used to seek hidden treasures in them.
       In medieval times entrances to underground tunnels usually were hidden in wells that as a standard were located on castles' yards. Even today many of such wells from castles contains these entrances to underground tunnels. For example, such entrances are in wells from: (1) the high castle in Malbork (this with the sculpture of a "pelican"), (2) the castle in Otmuchow, south of Wroclaw (from this well in Otmuchow, tunnels run as far as the fort in Kłodzko), and also (3) the castle in Gniew - see Figure 4. In fact, ruins of the fortified castle in Milicz also used to have a well on the yard (i.e. the castle's "keep"), with an entrance to tunnels. Remains of this well still existed in times when I was attending a primary school.
       One of best known underground tunnels that led from the castle in Milicz, was the one that had the exit in forest near Cieszkow. This exit is shown in Figure 5a below.
Fig. 4.

Fig. 4: Castle well from the Teutonic Knights castle in Gniew from the northern Poland. The photograph taken in July 2004. The person photographs is me (Dr Jan Pająk). When one looks inside of this well from the point from which I am looking into it, one can clearly see an entrance to underground tunnels. In turn these tunnels always had at least one exit located in forests far beyond walls of the castle.
       A curious detail of tunnels and cells from the above well in Gniew, is that in these cells a lot of victims died walled up over there. As the local rumours state it, ghosts of some of these victims are seen in the castle until today. These ghosts are even a tourist attraction of the castle in Gniew. Just as such an attraction they are presented in the article [LOT-1] "Castle holidays - wakacje z zamkami", published on pages 64 to 72 in bi-lingual monthly magazine of Polish Airlines LOT SA, entitled "Kaleidoscope", vol. 69 no 7, issue dated in July 2004 (address of the editor: Wydawnictwo Business Press, Al. Jerozolimskie 125 A, 02-017 Warszawa, Poland).
Fig. 5(a).

Fig. 5(a): The exit from an underground tunnel. It is hidden in forest not far from Cieszkow (i.e. around 8 km north from Milicz). The photograph taken in July 2004. In order to illustrate the size of this tunnel, at the exit gate stands myself (i.e. Dr Jan Pajak) and my wife. People used to say, that this tunnel originally was connected with the fortified castle in Milicz. But before the second world war a final part of it was separated from the rest by a wall, and utilised by a local distillery as a cellar for maturing alcohols. Presently this tunnel is established as bats reservation. The entrance to (or rather an exit from) it is locked permanently and inaccessible for the general public.

Fig. 5(b).

Fig. 5(b): The appearance of a typical underground tunnel from medieval period. Photographed in July 2004. This tunnel is accessible for tourists in Klodzko. Entrances to it are located near the town-hall in Klodzko, and also near the Klodzko fort. It is well lit up, secured against someone getting lost in it, and full of medieval museum artefacts, thus it is really worth of seeing - I warmly encourage to go to it. An entire labyrinth of underground tunnels similar to that one is located under the surface of Milicz. Only that now almost no-one knows about their existence. Perhaps it would be worth while to consider making them available for tourists, similarly as this is done in Klodzko. After all, this would provide Milicz with an additional tourist attraction, not mentioning about a source of income and bread for a number of people.

Fig. 5(c).

Fig. 5(c): Remains of a skeleton of a victim locked in the cell from underground tunnel in Klodzko. The photograph taken in July 2004. Underground tunnels used to serve in medieval times as prisons in which victims were locked forever. These victims were never visited again, so they simply died out of the lack of water, food, and light. Similar medieval underground cells exist under Milicz.

#5. Mysterious underground tunnels under Milicz:

       For just an average person from a street, township of Milicz seems to be just an ordinary place. However, if the ground turned to be transparent, then everyone would got astonished. Under Milicz another mysterious town is hiding, which takes the form of a whole labyrinth of underground tunnels. As every medieval town, Milicz had an entire system of tunnels that were hidden under it. These tunnels were repaired and kept in a good order until the end of the Second World War. Only after the Second World War people gradually forgotten about these tunnels almost completely. Therefore by now these tunnels probably are in ruins.
       The labyrinth of underground tunnels hidden under Milicz originates from two sources. The first of these sources were defence needs of medieval Milicz, and the fortified castle nearby. These needs I already described before. But under Milicz are also different tunnels, that do not originate from medieval times. This is because to the original tunnels constructed in medieval times by owners of the fortified castle, additional tunnels were added later by the margrave (margrabia) family - owners of the palace in Milicz. Actually the family of Maltzans used to fancy the construction of new, and repairing old, underground tunnels under Milicz. They constructed and repaired tunnels that led from their palace in practically all possible directions. The last of such new tunnels was build at the beginning of 20th century. It led from the tomb of margrave (margrabia) to his palace (this tunnel is described in more details in item 7 below). Out of these more famous tunnels constructed by family of Maltzans, the most well-known were four. The one constructed at the latest date led from their palace to the tomb of margrave (ruins of this tomb are shown in Figure 7). Other led from the palace to Evangelic church shown in Figure 29. Another led from the palace to the farm/station in Stawiec (the entrance to this tunnel still existed in 1958 and 1959, when I attended the sixth and seventh class of the primary school in Stawiec - it was located near the inlet of water supply for the palace in Milicz). A further tunnel led from the palace to undergrounds of the fortified castle in Milicz, where it connected with an entire system of tunnels that already existed under this castle since medieval times.
       One of the well-known underground tunnels from Milicz had the exit in forest not far from Cieszkow. The present appearance of this exit is shown in Figure 5a to the left. Other such tunnel led from the fortified castle in Milicz to the old town. Under the old town it branched into several separate tunnels. Some of these just after the second world war still had open entrances which were joined with cellars of homes in Milicz. But then these entrances were walled up. One of these tunnels led to the cellars of Milicz town-hall and was still accessible at beginning of 1950s, before ruins of the town-hall were cleared up while entrances to deep cellars of the town-hall were blocked and covered with soil. These tunnels also joined together undergrounds of all three churches in Milicz (see descriptions from item 29).
       The fact that an entire labyrinth of underground tunnels exists under Milicz, hides an unutilised potential for that town. After all, these tunnels can now be opened, reinforced, and made available for tourists as a local tourist attraction. After all, in a similar manner underground tunnels were made accessible by Klodzko town. In 2004 tunnels under Klodzko provided a semi-permanent employment and source of income for at least 10 people. Milicz still did not consider a possibility of opening its tunnels for tourists. But if it is done so, for sure these medieval tunnels and their shocking secrets become a vital attraction of Milicz and provide a semi-permanent source of income for at least several people.

#6. Walled alive as an example of medieval treatment:

       In medieval times one of the most popular methods of killing people depended on walling them up alive in secluded underground cells, or on throwing them into a tower that had no windows and the only entrance to it was through a small hole in the ceiling. A best example of just such a tower, in which literally hundreds of people died, is the famous "hunger tower" in Paczków shown in Figure 6(b) below. (Paczków is a small town in southern Poland, located around 60 kilometres on south from Wroclaw.) This medieval "hunger tower" remained walled up until mid 1950s, when the local council decided to cut a footpath through it. After the tower was open, it turned out that the entire volume of this tower was occupied by a single cell without windows, which had only a small hole in a high ceiling. This cell was filled up with hundreds of human skeletons, that lied over there in a layer several meters high. It turned out, that medieval rulers of Paczkow used to throw to this tower by the only window in the ceiling every person who for some reason was disliked by them. In turn after being thrown to this tower, victims simply died out of hunger, thirst, and the lack of light. Of course, other medieval cities were not better at all. For example in undergrounds of the city Klodzko from southern Poland, tourists are able to see an underground prison cell, with a human skeleton. (You can see it on Figure 5c.) In this cell someone was imprisoned, and then authorities "forgotten" to feed him or release him.
       Cells similar to that from the Cathedral in Kwidzyn, the "hunger tower" in Paczkow, or undergrounds of Klodzko, means designated for burying people alive, existed under the fortified castle in Milicz, and also in undergrounds of the town of Milicz. Only that people who died in them never attracted attention of the society. Therefore, now no-one knows about their fate.
Fig. 6(a).

Fig. 6(a): The cell in which blessed Dorota from Mątowów (1347-1394) was buried/walled alive. The photograph taken in July 2004. (Of course, the furniture present now in this cell did NOT stand there in times when blessed Dorota was dying. Nothing usually were in cells designated for walling up alive people, apart from the person imprisoned there, and also apart from iron rings on walls to which chains of imprisoned people were tied up.) The cell shown above is located in the Cathedral from Kwidzyn (north of Poland, not far from Gdansk). The only guilt of blessed Dorota was, that she saw UFOnauts, and that she reported to authorities about these her meetings with unearthly creatures. In present times instead of being walled up alive, she would rather write books about meetings with UFOnauts and about visits to distant planets of UFOnauts.

Fig. 6(b).

Fig. 6(b): The so-called "hunger tower" (in Polish: "wieza glodowa") from Paczkow in southern Poland. The photograph taken in July 2004. It is this tower where medieval authorities of the town Paczkow used to thrown people which somehow made a bad impression on them. This tower had no windows, apart from a small porthole of a human size in the middle of high ceiling. Thus every victim thrown into this tower died fast from the lack of water, food, and light. When in 1950s the walls of this tower were cut open to pass through it a footpath shown on this photo, it was filled up with hundreds of skeletons of humans thrown to it to die. At this point it is worth to realise, that humans would not commit this type of crimes, if our planet is not in power of evil UFOnauts, that constantly instigate one group of people against others.
Fig. 7.

Fig. 7: Remains of the tomb of margrave (margrabia) Maltzan, which still exist near Milicz. The photograph taken in July 2004. It is from this particular tomb, that the famous underground tunnel led to the palace of margrave (margrabia) in Milicz. This underground tunnel most probably exists until today, although the entrance to it is already blocked.

#7. Tomb of margrave Maltzan:

       My mother frequently used to tell me about the burial of margrave (margrabia) from Milicz, which took place in times of her youth. (As I estimated this, most probably around 1920s.) The burial was carried out with an enormous pomp and splendour. Delegates from practically all farmsteads (granges and estates) owned by this margrave (margrabia) were taking parts in it, including my mother and her parents. The margrave (margrabia) was a proud owner of exactly 99 farmsteads spread around Milicz and nearby Zmigrod. This number was justified NOT by his wealth, but by politics. According to the Prussian law of that time, people who owned 100 farmsteads, or more, were obliged to equip with their own expenses an entire regiment of army for the service of Prussian government. Thus, having "only" 99 farmsteads, was a past manner of avoiding paying additional taxes for the Prussian government.
       Milicz margrave (margrabia) was buried in the tomb, which he prepared earlier for himself. The curiosity of this tomb was that it was linked through an underground tunnel with the palace of margrave (margrabia). People used to say, that margrave (margrabia) even after the death wanted to supervise his own palace. From the palace to the tomb an alley planted with oaks was leading, that passed through palace's park. However, the tomb was not located in the park, but beyond the road that led from Milicz to Sułow. Oaks were growing along this alley still in times when I attended my Lyceum - while the tomb still was then in a relatively good condition, although was already empty. But when in 2004 I visited this tomb again in order to take the photograph 7, oaks already were cut down, while only ruins were left from the tomb.

#8. Palace of margrave in Milicz:

       Starting from 13 century, administrators and owners of Milicz lived in the fortified castle of Milicz, described before. But this castle was located in an area of rather bad feng shui (see item 26 below). So it constantly was burned or destroyed. Therefore, after a subsequent fire in 1797, when the castle was again partially burned, owners of this castle at that time decided to not rebuild it, but to rather shift their quarters to another location that had much better "feng shui". So they build for themselves a palace just several hundred meters from the castle. This palace had very good "feng shui" and it successfully resisted all storms of history. It stands until today in the original location. The photo of it is shown to the right - see Figure 8.
       The margrave's palace from Milicz is constructed in the classical style. It is located in the centre of a huge park of the total area of 48 hectares, which before the second world war was famous from beautiful rhododendrons and azalias. The park was surrounded with a high wall and fence. From the Milicz town to the park led two gates. The first of these two gates stood behind the last buildings of the city, means in the area where in past the western gate in the town's defence wall was located. The second gate to the palace was an ornamental welcoming gate, constructed in 1844 by the design of Leonard Schatzela. As the building material for this ornamental gate fragments so-called "paddock ore" (in Polish "ruda darniowa") retrieved from last fragments of medieval walls of the Milicz town were used. So in fact this gate symbolised the dismantled walls of Milicz. The top of this gate was ornamented by a huge sculpture of a lion. But around 1980s even this gate was dismantled. Only a small symbol remains from it until today, which is this sculpture of a lion. This sculpture and the base for it, is all what remains until today from original defence walls of Milicz (see also Figure 27b).
       The margrave palace of Milicz hosted many famous people. For example, it is known that in 1813 this palace was visited by the Tsar of Russia, Aleksander the 1st.
Fig. 8.

Fig. 8: The palace of margrave (margabia) in Milicz. The photograph taken in July 2004. Presently this palace is used for the campus of Nature Schools (in Polish named "Zespół Szkół Przyrodniczych"). In the right wing of this palace (not visible on this photograph), formerly used by servants, a small museum of Milicz is located (in Polish named the Izba Regionalna that translates as the "regional hall"). This miniature museum is described in item 9 below. It is from this palace that an underground tunnel began, that led to the tomb of margrave (margrabia) shown in Figure 7.
Fig. 9.

Fig. 9: The history of beginnings of Milicz administrative centre, described on a banner in Regional Museum from Milicz. The photograph taken in July 2004.
       The regional museum of Milicz is located in the right wing of the former palace of margrave Maltzans, in which the Group of Nature Schools (in Polish "Zespól Szkół Przyrodniczych") was located in 2004.
       In July 2004, this regional museum of Milicz was open in every Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, between 8 am and 12:30 pm. There was NO entrance fee (i.e. it was for free).

#9. Regional Museum from the palace in Milicz:

       Milicz has the beginnings of own regional museum. It is still very miniature, still it has rather a small number of artefacts, it is still open in limited number of hours, but it already represents an initial stage of what, let us hope, in the future transforms into a much needed true museum of Milicz. In order to avoid problems caused by various bureaucratic limitations imposed on real museums, this miniature regional museum is named Izba Regionalna (means "regional hall" in Polish). My bravos for Milicz for this initiative so much needed.

#10. A hidden symbolism, means meaning of a sculpture from the palace in Milicz:

       Common marriages out of love are actually an invention of the final part of 20-th century. In old days people do not married out of love - in the majority of cases marriages were arranged for them. Still marriages are arranged in many countries of present world, for example in India, and also in countries that surround India, such as Pakistan, Bangla Desh, or Sri Lanka. Especially well-rooted was arranging of marriages for rich people. After all, it was necessary to find partners for marriage which both had similar levels of wealth.
       Of course, the fact that these arranged marriages were deprived of love, in conjunction with the fact that they were living in palaces or castles in which the "man of the house" had usually an absolute power over others, led to the tradition of various psychoses, anomalies, deviations, and decadency. It is from this tradition that for example the "well of unfaithful wives" from the castle Czocha on the south of Poland originates (this well is described on page 70 in the article [LOT-1] refereed in item 4 above). Owners of the castle Czocha used to drown their wives in this well, if wives were suspected of NOT being faithful to their husbands. The last wife was drowned in it in 1792. It is also from this tradition that the English king Henry the 8th, contributed to the history of England mainly by murdering his numerous wives. Echoes of this barbaric treatment of wives are also contained in the classical Polish literature. For example, everyone in Poland knows the classical Polish poem by Adam Mickiewicz, entitled "Golono, Strzyzono" (means "Shaved, Sheared"). This poem in a jocose manner describes how an insignificant marital quarrel debating whether the fur of their family dog was "shaved with a razor or cut with scissors" led to the situation that a husband finally drowned his wife in a pond (by the way, even during this drowning the stubborn wife still lifted two fingers above the surface of water and showed to her husband a sign of cutting with scissors"). It is this poem that provided a popular currently in Poland idiom "sheared - shaved" or "cut, shaved" (in Polish: "strzyzone - golone") to describe all ridiculous quarrels. Some Poles are also saying, that it is also this poem that generated the famous international sign of "victory at all costs" (or "V" sign) shown with two fingers being lifted like open scissors. This killing type of behaviour was "normal" in old days. Of course, the unloved wives of these barbaric times paid back to their husbands with the same coins. When they only felt that their husbands think of any excuse to kill them, usually they tried to act faster and they killed husbands first. Most frequently they used poison for this purpose. Secrets of skilful poisoning were in these times passed from mother to daughter, and appreciated as the most vital life-saving knowledge. It is from this macabre tradition that the known queens of poison originated, the most famous of which was probably the Italian lady, Lucrezia Borgia. Also the Polish queen, Bona Sforza (1494 - 1557), wife of the Zygmunt Old, was known for the cultivation of this poisonous tradition. Of course, if these wives managed to poison their husbands, then it was them that become absolute powers in their castles or palaces.
       Milicz palace also has a special tribute to the "unloved wives". It is the sculpture of a "silent admirer" shown in Figure 10 to the right. This admirer for a hundred of years is staring in the windows of bedroom of the "mistress" of that palace. This copper admirer, was just a piece of "artwork", thus for having it these wives were NOT drown or thrown to lions. But still it was a taste and a substitute of a real admirer, the right to have whom these unfortunate rich women were completely deprived.

Fig. 10.

Fig. 10: The sculpture of a "silent admirer" that looks into windows of the bedroom of a first lady in the palace of margrave (margrabia) of Milicz. Marriages for so rich people used to be arranged by their parents. Therefore deprived love, rich "mistresses" of the palace, were satisfied even by motionless sculptures that stared into windows of their bedrooms.
* * *
       Although owners of the palace in Milicz tried to keep secret their marriage problems, this does not mean that such problems did not exist for them. After all, such marriage problems resulted from the epoch in which these people lived, and from conditions in which they operated. So similarly like in every other palace from that epoch, also behind windows of that palace in Milicz (especially behind the window into which the above "silent admirer" is staring) a lot of loneliness, lack of love, hate, suffering, intrigues, poisoning, deaths, persecution, etc., used to take place. Similarly to every other palace, also the one shown here is full of ghosts of unloved or rejected wives, poisoned husbands, murdered lovers, etc.
* * *
       Notice a ghost in the window of the lady's bedroom at which is staring this "silent admirer". The above photograph captured some sort of a white figure that looks outside with visible interest. This figure is well visible, if the above photograph is enlarged by clicking on it with a mouse. (It is worth to indicate, that at the time of taking this photograph on the Sunday vacation day of 4 July 2004, there was no-one in the palace. Furthermore, if one explains this white figure as a "reflection", then in spite of capturing on the same photograph also several further windows, in none of them any other "reflection" is visible.) Is it possible that this is the famous ghost of margrave, about whom story goes that he "supervises the palace" together with valuables which still are hidden in undergrounds of this palace. Or perhaps this is a ghost of any of unfortunate "first ladies" of this palace, which during their lives slept just behind this particular window.
Fig. 11.

Fig. 11: The so-called "Swedish hill" (in Polish: "Szwedzka Górka") near Sułow. The photograph taken in July 2004. This hill is the area, where a vicious battle took place between Polish and Swedish armies. Presently not far from the former battlefield, but close to the road from Sułow to Milicz, a cross and a commemorating plate are standing, as shown on the photograph above.

#11. Battlefields near Milicz:

       Vicinities of Milicz were battlefields for several significant battles in the history of Poland and this land. The largest of these battles took place in the "Swedish hill" (in Polish "Szwedzka Górka") near Sułow, and also in the forest of "Barsk Confederation (in Polish "Konfederacja Barska") near Cieszkow. The curiosity of these battlefields from near Milicz, is that in fact they were NOT, as yet, researched thoroughly by archaeologists. Therefore, most probably they hide until today remains of old weapon and other military hardware.
* * *
       A quite intriguing curiosity that hits the eye in that battlefield from Sulow, is that for some unknown presently reasons, numerous locations seem to be present on a relatively small area, which apparently "attracted" to themselves various "bad" events in history. In the vicinity of Milicz the worst of such "bad areas" is the one near Sułow. In a not far distance from each other, there are two large battlefields over there (i.e. a battlefield between Polish and Swedish armies, and nearby another battlefield between the Polish and Mongolian armies). Not far from these two battlefields also a Hitler's concentration camp was located.
       The existence of these "bad" areas can be observed not only on the example of Sułow village near Milicz. In past I watched an English documentary film about Alexander the Great. In this film historians also illustrated a shocking discovery, that some areas on the Middle East were battlefields for many battles in various periods of history, while almost identical areas that lied nearby actually never were used as battlefields. Similarly in New Zealand areas exist on the straight and perfectly even roads, in which groups of white crosses are piled up (such white crosses in New Zealand mean that someone died in a traffic accident in that particular area of the road). If there is such a "bad area" on a straight and well kept road, then from time to time someone has a fatal accident in that area. I personally explain the location of such "bad areas" with my theory of the fluctuation of the gravity field, as I described this theory more comprehensively in subsection I4.4 from volume 5 of monograph [1/4]. In turn the Chinese knowledge of "feng shui" simply claims about them, that they have a "bad feng shui". For example, such a "bad feng shui" displays also the area in which the fortified castle in Milicz was constructed, as described in item 8 above. Thus, this castle was constantly either burned or destroyed.

#12. Hitler concentration camp near Sułów:

       Of course, like every other area of the former Hitler's empire, also the vicinity of Milicz used to have its own concentration camps, and branches of other concentration camps. The most well-known of these camps was the one located in forests near Sułow. Even today one can find over there remains of the camp's buildings. Unfortunately, it remains unknown to me how many prisoners Hitler's people killed in this camp, what nationalities these prisoners were, nor where are buried remains of these prisoners who died during heavy work, and thus whom Hitler's people did not want to transport to the camp's crematorium.
Fig. 12.

Fig. 12: Key components of every concentration camp, namely: railway with the use of which prisoners were transported, gas chamber, and a path several meters long that linked the gas chamber with the crematorium. These used to stand at the very end of life for millions of prisoners of Hitler concentration camps. The above gas chamber was photographed in July 2004 in the concentration camp "Stutthof" located in northern Poland. In spite its dimensions smaller from bathrooms in some present homes, this gas chamber was working day and night, killing hundreds of prisoners of this camp of mass murder. Ruins of similar gas chamber, as well as similar concentration camp, remain until today in forests near Sułow (around 8 km to west from Milicz). Looking at the ocean of human tragedy that these camps served to our civilisation, one wishes to scream never again! Unfortunately, human memory is so short.
Fig. 13.

Fig. 13: Commonwealth cemetery in present Malbork, Poland (i.e. former German town of "Marienburg"). The photograph taken in July 2004. Meaningful, although small fraction of prisoners from Hitler's concentration camps, were soldiers that used to fight with Hitler's armies, e.g. pilots of aeroplanes shot down over Germany. Near Malbork, these out of such pilots that were imprisoned in the famous stalag XXB (similar to the one about which a movie film "The Great Escape" was made), and whom could be identified, have a special cemetery. In turn locations where bodies of war prisoners from the vicinity of Milicz are buried, remain unknown to us.

#13. War graves of Commonwealth pilots:

       For many different reasons, corpses of some prisoners were NOT incinerated in crematoria of Hitler's concentration camps, but were buried. In this way, on the area of present Poland numerous cemeteries of soldiers from British Commonwealth still exist. Because I currently live in New Zealand, it was a surprise for me to discover, that on these cemeteries a lot of New Zealanders lies. Usually they died during piloting aeroplanes which bombed territories governed by Hitler's army.
* * *
       Whether in Milicz there are any graves of Commonwealth pilots, this remains unknown to me. I only known that in Milicz several Russian soldiers is buried, who were cooked alive in a first Russian tank that rolled onto the Milicz central square during the world war two. Sometime ago someone even show me where these Russians were buried, but by now I have forgotten where it was.

#14. UFOnauts and Hitler's people, means the role of UFOs in the course of the Second World War:

       As the German folklore states this, Hitler supposedly was a pupil and favourite of UFOnauts. The blond haired UFOnauts from the so-called "Nordic race" supposedly appeared to him regularly, sharing with him various ideas of the type: how he should organise his concentration camps, what he should do with Jews, or why the race of blond-haired people is a superior race. Simultaneously, with their hidden methods of action UFOnauts tried to help Hitler as they could. Supposedly, one of their actions was to provide Germany with a perfect weather in every day which Hitler announced to be a holiday. It is because of this weather for Hitler perfected by UFOnauts, that a saying "Hitler's weather" was supposedly coined during that times to describe extremely beautiful days which always prevailed in Germany during Hitler's holidays. Supposedly Hitler was extremely afraid of these UFOnauts, but because he feared of their revenge, he obeyed exactly every single their command. Simultaneously he ordered his special services to seek an underground Kingdom of Agharti, which - according to lies of UFOnauts, supposed to be inhabited by UFOnauts. Hitler also supervised in person the development of flying disks, means the discoid flying machines which imitated vehicles of UFOnauts.
       From statements of this German folklore appears, that actually all the atrocities that Germans committed on other nations, had their beginnings in evil advices and whispers of UFOnauts. So we should NOT be surprised, that fathering the activities of Hitler's people, UFOnauts are vividly interested until today in further fate of everything that was created by Hitler. This explains why UFO vehicles are frequently observed as they land in areas of former concentration camps. This also explains, why individual UFOnauts can be encountered by everything that still remains out of the Hitler's former empire. Further details about reasons for which UFOnauts are so interested in a destruction of humanity are contained on the web page UFOnauts.20m.com, and also in subsection O8.1 of monograph [1/4].
Fig. 14.

Fig. 14: One of numerous circular UFO landing sites that dotted the interior of the "Stutthof" concentration camp. They make one wonder, what these UFOs do in Hitler's concentration camps. Well, according to German popular folklore, UFOnauts used to be personal advisers to Hitler. For this reason, UFOnauts are extremely interested even now in everything that Hitler's people used to do, including concentration camps. The above photograph shows one of several circular UFO landing sites, which on 29 June 2004 I discovered and photographed on grass of the Hitler's concentration camp in Stutthof from the northern Poland. Another photograph of a UFO landing site from that concentration camp is shown below in Figure 16. Apparently UFOnauts are studying the long-term consequences of this concentration camp. In the above photograph a fragment of the grass with altered colouring is visible on the foreground. This circle of grass indicates the area which was swept and scorched by a powerful magnetic field from propelling devices of a UFO vehicle which hovered in the air close to this spot. Because UFO vehicles usually hover in the air in such a manner that their floor is perpendicular to the local course of the Earth's magnetic field, this floor usually is slanted in relationship to the flat ground. Therefore, the grass with altered colour, which was affected by the field of this UFO, has a shape of a half-circle, not a complete circle. On the above photograph foundations are also visible from a barrack for prisoners in the last stage of extermination. The barrack itself is already gone, because wooden parts of it rotted during all these years that elapsed since the world war two. In turn behind foundations of this barrack a row of cemented poles of the camp's fence are visible (during the war this fence was electrified, to kill every prisoner who touched it). Further, the lowest fragment of the guard tower of the camp located beyond the fence, is also visible.
* * *
       The formation of such UFO landing sites is quite a complex phenomenon. It results from the use of a powerful magnetic field for propelling UFOs. A brief description as to how the UFO magnetic propulsion works, is provided in subsection A2 from volume 1 of monograph [1/4]. In turn descriptions as how magnetic field from UFOs forms UFO landing sites of the type shown on this photograph, are presented in subsection O5.1 from volume 12 of monograph [1/4]. Finally the entire set of other examples of similar circular UFO landing sites is shown in Figures O1 to O3 from 2nd portion of illustrations for monograph [1/4], that can be found on web pages listed in Menu 2, e.g. on the page: totalizm.nazwa.pl
* * *
       Shocking is the number of UFO landing sites visible on grass of former Hitler's concentration camps. Surely evil UFOnauts are delighted to appreciate effects of their devilish action on Earth, and to check how much people managed to become similar to them. More information about the devilish nature and philosophy of UFOnauts is presented on the web page ufonauci.w.interia.pl.
Fig. 15.

Fig. 15: Here is how New Zealanders depicted a "griffin" that raged over there in wild areas. ("Griffins" are blood thirsty pets of UFOnauts. Presently these cosmic animals are known to UFO investigators under a popular name of "chupacabras".) In New Zealand, the griffin shown above was described as a "black panther" - for details see the web page a.1asphost.com/Tapanui, or totalizm.nazwa.pl/newzealand. As kind of a "cat-like creature" was also described the griffin which was seen in the UK area of Bodmin Moor in years 1994 to 1996, and then was widely promoted around the world by a famous TV comercial for the credit cards "Visa". But from my personal encounter with a griffin near Guzowice (not far from Milicz), I remember it as a small, black lion. Just such a monster, a blood thirsty pet of UFOnauts, attacked me on the dirt road that leads from the village Guzowice (near Milicz) to the village Nowy Dwor (i.e. to west from Cieszkow, around 10 km to north from Milicz). The description of this attack of griffin is provided in subsection R4.2 from volume 14 of monograph [1/4] (available in English). Monograph [1/4] is disseminated free of charge via numerous web pages listed in Menu 2.
       Because griffins were always seen in company of UFOnauts, in old times these blood thirsty animals were surrounded by almost a religious respect. This is the reason why griffins appear in many heraldries, where they are presented as symbols of power. For example the coat of arms for the Polish city of Gdansk contains images of two griffins, which (unfortunately) now are taken for lions. In old heraldic symbolism griffins always were shown as small lions standing on back legs (frequently with split tongue that was sticking out from their eagle-like beaks). In turn lions were shown as standing on all four legs.

#15. A maskot of UFOnauts, means a blood-thirsty griffin from Guzowice:

       When I was in the last class of my Lyceum, during a bicycle ride to the village Guzowice near Cieszkow I was attacked by a griffin. That attack of the griffin, as well as the general appearance of this monster, I described in more details in subsection R4.2 from volume 14 of monograph [1/4], the free copies of which are available from numerous web pages listed in Menu 2. Just before on that fatal day I was forced to ride my bicycle in the middle of night through the area in which this griffin was hunting, local people were warning me that I may meet it over there. This in turn means, that I was NOT the only person who saw this monster or was attacked by it. In that particular area the griffin must also be seen by numerous other people, so that stories about it could become a beginning of the local folklore about this blood-thirsty mascot of UFOnauts.
       Independently from the above my personal encounter with the griffin from Milicz, in times of my youth I have heard several stories about a similar, or perhaps even the same, winged monstrous griffin seen in the vicinity of so-called "second dam" on the river Barycz. This "second dam" is located towards the east from the village "Wszewilki" and "Nowy Zamek". The griffin was seen by a number of people on unpopulated areas of grass paddocks, which at that time were located in the vicinity of that second dam (down the stream) on the right bank of the Barycz river.
       The interesting aspect of griffins is, that - although they are considered to be legendary monsters that supposedly do NOT exist at all, actually from time to time they are seen in various parts of the world. For example, in Figure 15 a repainted appearance of a griffin is presented, which in 2003 was observed in New Zealand. An exact description of this New Zealand griffin is contained on web pages on curiosities of New Zealand listed in Menu 2, e.g. on the web page: newzealand.0me.com. In present days griffins most frequently are seen in Puerto Rico, where people call them chupacabras.
       In reality griffins are blood sucking mascots of UFOnauts, brought to Earth in UFO vehicles and allowed to hunt from time to time on unpopulated areas of Earth. In sense of their origin, most probably they are products of "genetic engineering". This is because their anatomy looks like it is a "composite" of genes from several different animals, including genes of an eagle, and a lion or a panther. They have the appearance of a small lion, but they still have wings and they jump at back legs like eagles - means with both legs simultaneously. The griffin which I encountered in the vicinity of Guzowice village (near Cieszkow), looked exactly like such a small lion with wings. It was black in colour, and the body of it had the size and build up of a dog of the "rottweiler" race (this race of dogs at that time was unknown in Poland). This monster attacked me, leaving three quite large wounds on my right hand, scars from which exist until today.

#16. UFO sightings near Milicz:

       In the vicinity of Milicz were carried out, and still are, countless UFO sightings. These sightings most frequently took place in areas where the so-called "devil stones" were located, means e.g. in the vicinity of Zemanow and nearby Kelso, as well as in the vicinity of the church of St. Anna near Karłow.
       The curious part of these UFO sightings is, that usually their waves preceded times when Milicz is to be affected by a specific tragedy, e.g. a hurricane, or a deluge. It appears that actually these UFOnauts bring such tragedies to Milicz with their evil activities on Earth. This rule was also working in the past. For example, in the medieval times, just before appearance of a plague, UFOnauts were seen - frequently as they spread something at nights above human settlements (today we would say, that UFOnauts spread micro-organisms of a given infectious plague). UFOnauts are fascinated by human suffering. For example, they love to park their vehicles on areas of former Hitler's concentration camps - what they do in these camps, we do not know yet. In monograph [1/4] a proof is presented, that UFOnauts supervised the crucifixion of Jesus (see Figure O7 in monograph [1/4]. Above the cross of Jesus two UFO vehicles were hovering, the images of which until today are symbolically fastened to crosses of orthodox churches. So again it appears, that these UFOnauts with their intrigues and orders instigated ancient Israelis to crucify Jesus, and then supervised from decks of their vehicles whether this crucifixion was actually implemented exactly as they ordered it.
Fig. 16.

Fig. 16: A very clear UFO landing site scorched by a discoid UFO vehicle near the barracks for newly imprisoned inmates in the concentration camp "Stutthof" from the northern Poland. Compare this landing with the UFO landing from Figure 14 above. Such a UFO landing site is produced, when a whirling magnetic field yielded for the propelling purpose from propulsors located around the peripherals of a discoid UFO vehicle, is scorching grass causing it to change the colour. The reason why visible is only a small fragment of the circle of grass which changed the colour, not the complete circle, is that UFOs usually are flying with their floor perpendicular to the force lines of the local magnetic field of Earth. Thus discoid UFOs usually are flying slanted in relationship to the flat ground, while the magnetic field from only a part of their propulsors located on the peripherals of the vehicle is reaching the ground and causing the scorching visible on this photograph.
* * *
       Notice, that similar UFO landing sites can frequently be encountered on paddocks and lawns from the vicinity of Milicz. After all, Milicz is the area of an increased UFO activity.
Fig. 17.

Fig. 17: In the centre of the lowest part of this photograph is captured (unfortunately, not very clearly visible) a so-called "confession" from the cathedral in Gniezno, Poland. Photographed in July 2004. In important Christian churches this "confession" imitates the central UFO propulsor. In Poland it is present in the Gniezno cathedral (shown on the above photograph), and in Cracov cathedral. It is also present in Rome in the Basilica of St. Peter. In the most central part of these important churches, usually under their central dome, such strange structures are present. Usually these structures are composed of rectangular or cubical objects cut of a white marble, which are surrounded with 4 swirled columns that support a baldachime sparkling with threads of gold. In the church terminology these structures are named confessions. But from the present UFO research we know, that these entire structures actually imitate the design and appearance of main propulsors in UFO vehicles. In turn the rectangular object carved from a white marble and placed in centres of these structures, imitates a device called the "Oscillatory Chamber", which actually is a source of a powerful pulsating magnetic field in every UFO propulsor. In vicinity of these "confessions" usually bodies of saints are buried in churches on Earth. This in turn imitates the "storing" or "conserving" of human bodies that always are present in central cylinders of large types of UFOs, just near the Oscillatory Chamber from their main propulsor (for details see subsection P6.1 from monograph [1/4]). The reason for such a storage of human bodies in UFOs is, that a powerful magnetic field from the main propulsor of these UFOs prevents the rotting of these bodies.

#17. Modelling of UFO vehicles by our churches:

       As UFO research indicate this, components of almost every church on Earth are modelled onto the shape of UFO interiors. Especially well visible is this in old churches, such as churches that exist in Milicz. Only modern churches constructed lately gradually depart from this principle of imitating the interior of UFOs. Also every detail of the design and furnishing of old churches, is modelled onto the appearance and furnishing of UFO vehicles. Here is a list of most vital components of every old church, the appearance of which imitates appropriate components of UFOs:
       1. Oltars. These imitate control devices used to control UFO vehicles.
       2. Confessions (see Figure 17). These imitate the main propulsor in UFOs.
       3. Columns. These imitate pillars of powerful magnetic field yielded from UFO propulsors.
       4. Christening dishes. There imitate Oscillatory Chambers from UFOs.
       However, the highest similarity to UFOs displays a general shape of old churches, and the use of space inside of them. And so, the majority of old churches has at least one dome, which imitates the central dome in UFO vehicles. Around peripherals of these old churches always runs a line of columns which imitate the ring of columns with side propulsors that hit eyes of every person who is abducted to a UFO. Even the outlines of these columns always imitate pillars of powerful magnetic field that is surging from the interior of these side UFO propulsors. Every old church also had towers with domed tops (see Figure 29). This tower imitated cigars coupled from UFOs of smaller types that are attached to side propulsors of a UFO of a larger type. More information about the similarity of old churches and UFOs, can be found in subsection P6.1 from volume 13 of monograph [1/4].
       In a similar manner as this takes place in Christian temples, UFOs are also imitated by Muslim mosques. This is especially visible in Istanbul, where each one out of their mosques resembles a flying system coupled from several UFO vehicles.

#18. UFO oscillatory chambers copied by shapes of objects in old churches:

       Depending on the so-called "generation of UFOs", which in turn depends on the level of technical advancement of the civilisation that constructed a given UFO vehicle, the so-called Oscillatory Chambers can take one of three possible shapes. (Notice, that according to descriptions from chapter C in volume 2 of monograph [1/4], such UFO "Oscillatory Chambers" are simply the most important propelling devices for these interstellar flying vehicles. The oscillatory chambers are for UFOs almost the same as "engines" are for present human cars.) All three possible shapes of UFO Oscillatory Chambers are illustrated in Figure C3 from monograph [1/4]. These shapes resemble a kind of a pillar with parallel side walls, which has a horizontal cross section taking shape of either a: (1) square, (2) octagon, or (3) sixteen-sided regular figure. In UFOs this pillar always stands with its central axis pointed up. Thus, these three shapes always are present in a vertical cross section through such a pillar.
       What shocks me most in the furnishing of old churches (including the church from Milicz), is that all what is present in them also has shapes which exactly correspond to these three possible shapes of UFO Oscillatory Chambers. Thus, in old churches practically almost everything is shaped into a figure with octagonal cross-section in a horizontal plane - as an example see the object shown in Figure 18 to the right. Also, in almost everything from old churches, this octagonal cross section is visible only in a horizontal plane - means exactly in the same cross section as it is displayed by UFO Oscillatory Chambers. In turn, if something is NOT an octagon, then in a horizontal plane it either displays a square or a sixteen-sided cross section (or a round one - which actually is an approximation of a sixteen-sided figure). In turn almost impossible is finding in old churches anything that would have e.g. a triangular, or a six-sided cross section, in spite that these shapes are incomparably easier for measuring and for carving with tools of old masters, than octagonal or square shapes. So this most shocking attribute of old churches is, that in their interiors almost everything imitates general shapes of UFO Oscillatory Chambers.
Fig. 18.

Fig. 18: A gigantic, mysterious, octagonal device from the St. Maria's (Catholic) church in Gdansk, Poland. (This device is also described on several other web pages, e.g. on chi.coms.ph/artefact.htm, or chi.maroc.to/artefact.htm. It was photographed in July 2004. It is so huge, that the eight sculptures of women standing around the octagonal base of it have the size of adult people (after clicking on this photo one may compare the size of these eight sculptures to two tourists photographed behind them). The real purpose of this device remains a mystery. After all, it is too huge to perform any practical function, apart from being a container for holly substances. However, it is strikingly similar to the so-called "Zhang Heng seismograph" - as the reader may realise by comparing the above Figure 18 with numerous Figures of the "Zhang Heng seismograph" presented on the web page chi.coms.ph or chi.maroc.to (notice that this extraordinary seismograph allowed the detection of incoming earthquakes long time before these occurred, while the mysterious operation of it cannot be recreated in a working device even today). For example, this mysterious device has not only an octagonal shape of the main body, but also an octagonal base like that in the "Zhang Heng seismograph" discussed on above web pages. Furthermore, the general shape and the appearance of it, is strangely similar to the shape and the appearance of the "Zhang Heng seismograph". But instead of wrongly seeking the source of these similarities in cross-cultural or in inter-religious influences, much more rational is to realise that both these devices are mimicking the shape of main propulsors from UFO vehicles. This is because in the centre of such UFO propulsors an octagonal device similar to shapes presented here is positioned. In volume 2 of the monograph [1/4] "Advanced Magnetic Devices", this device from UFOs is described comprehensively under the name of Oscillatory Chamber (see the general shape of such Oscillatory Chamber shown in Figure C08 (2s) from monograph [1/4]). Thus, it is apparent that a huge number of octagonal objects present in human culture, actually results from imitating by old masters the shapes of octagonal Oscillatory Chambers from UFOs.
       It is interesting whether the reader ever wondered, why in churches, mosques, and in temples of various other religions, almost every object seems to imitate octagonal shapes, or octagonal outlets, from Oscillatory Chambers of UFOs, in spite that in fact all these objects could be constructed in an unlimited number of different shapes. Well, the answer seem to be, that people are abducted to UFOs from the beginning of times, and after their return to Earth they mimic in their creative products the fascinating device that they saw during these abductions. (The reader may find more about UFOs on web sites listed in Menu 2, e.g. on the site ufonauci.w.interia.pl).
Fig. 19.

Fig. 19: Eight-sided columns that support the ceiling in the Frombork cathedral from Poland (that one in which the famous astronomer, Nicolas Copernicus, used to work). Photographed in July 2004. Similar octagonal columns are also present in many other old Polish churches constructed before 15 century. Their curious aspect is that the design and appearance of these columns closely imitates the eight-sided columns of powerful telekinetic field that emerges from outlets of the octagonal Oscillatory Chambers from UFOs.
       The shocking aspect of all columns in old Christian churches is, that these columns use only four different shapes, all of which imitate shapes of columns of telekinetic field that emerges from UFO propulsors. And so, these columns can either have square cross-section, or octagonal cross-section, or sixteen-sided cross-section, or rounded cross-section (such rounded cross-section is an approximation of sixteen-sided cross-section). As so-far, I never met in any church in the world a column that would have e.g. triangular or six-sided cross-section, in spite that such columns would be the most easy for the constructing by old masters. (From the point of view of constructing a column, it is incomparably more difficult to measure and to build a column with an octagonal cross-section, than a column e.g. with six-sides. After all, in order to measure an ideal six-sided figure, it is enough to place six radiuses around peripherals of a circle. But to measure an ideal eight-sided figure, one needs extremely precise and complex measuring procedure and advanced geometrical knowledge. So there must exist a very important reason, why old masters constructed eight-sided columns in churches, instead of six-sided. On the basis of my research to-date, it appears that this very important reason was to imitate interiors of UFO vehicles by the general appearance of interiors of churches. After all, in these interiors of UFO vehicles ancient UFO abductees could NOT see any six-sided columns, but actually saw numerous octagonal columns formed from the telekinetic field yielded by Oscillatory Chambers which propelled these UFO vehicles. Note that the general appearance of the octagonal Oscillatory Chamber from a UFO propulsion system one may see on the web page chi.maroc.to/artefact.htm or on Figure C08 (2s) in monograph [1/4].).

#19. The meaning of eight-sided columns in old churches:

       People abducted to UFO vehicles keep reporting about the strange device that they almost always see inside of these extraterrestrial vehicles. This device most frequently takes a shape of an octagonal transparent "crystal". However, sometimes it can also be shaped as a transparent cube, or as a sixteen-sided "crystal". If it is sixteen-sided, it looks almost like circular, but with an uneven surface. As it turns out, these strange crystals seen on decks of UFOs are simply "Oscillatory Chambers" that UFOs use for the propelling purposes (the general appearance of such an Oscillatory Chamber is shown in Figure C08 (2s) from monograph [1/4]). People abducted to UFOs seem to be fascinated by these Oscillatory Chambers. The reason is that these extraordinary devices contain millions of "alive" sparks inside, and also that they emanate an enormous power. So when these UFO abductees return back to Earth, they duplicate shape of these fascinating devices in numerous objects, especially those used for worship or for magic.
       Strangely enough, if one reviews human culture, it turns out that almost all mysterious objects somehow connected with cosmos, mystery, or with worship, are always shaped into one of shapes that mimic these Oscillatory Chambers from UFOs. Thus, most frequently such objects are shaped into octagons. If they are not octagonal, then they are either square, or almost circular in shape. In turn practically never six-sided shapes are used for worship or for magical purposes, although six-sided shape could be constructed the most easily.

#20. Miracles of the church of St. Anna near Milicz:

       A small church of St. Anna near Milicz used to be famous from many miracles. For example, local folklore claimed, that repetitively holly figures appear over there. Furthermore, various objects located near this church, especially an old, holly oak (which presently is already non-existent) and also the "angel stone" (which also mysteriously disappeared sometimes between 1981 and 2004), were famous around from their healing powers, and from the ability to return fertility. But if one analyses these miracles more thoroughly, it turns out that at least a proportion of them can be explained rationally. This is because a large proportion of these miracles represent sightings of UFOs which at regular intervals visited the "angel stone" (in German "Teufelstein") located just near this church. In turn miraculous healings that later took place over there can be explained with the action of moral energy that was accumulated both by this old oak, as well as by this "angel stone" to which faithful were praying. (The action of this moral energy is explained more comprehensively on web page about the town of Malbork, available via Menu 1.) In turn the restoration of fertility may have a connection either with the vitality and with microelements contained in the air from Milicz, or with the systematic telekinetisation of the environment around the "angel stone", by UFO vehicles that landed nearby. (The influence of telekinetisation of the environment on fertility is explained in subsection NB4 from volume 11 of monograph [1/4]. For example, in Malaysia a naturally telekinetised lake also exists, named the "Lake of the Pregnant Maiden". It is famous from the restoration of fertility - it is mainly for the fertility purpose visited by crowds of tourists.)

Fig. 20.

Fig. 20: Church of St. Anna in Karłow near Milicz. In the form shown above it was build in 1807 to 1808, replacing the last from a series of small wooden chapels that used to be erected cyclically in that place since medieval times. By these chapels, annual church patron's festivals were organised each last Sunday of July, since oldest times. They were for the intention of holly sighting of St. Anna with Mother Mary and with Holly Infant, witnessed as they sited on branches of an old oak that used to grow in that place. The above photo was taken in July 2004. It is in the vicinity of that church that various miracles, miraculous healings, and the return of fertility took place in past. Entrance doors to the church are shown. Behind this church a very old oak used to grow in past, in the branches of which three extraordinary creatures were sighted, which presently we would take for three UFOnauts, but which in Medieval times were attributed with "supernatural" origin. This oak later become a source of numerous healings. To the right from this church an "angel stone" used to lie with many technological-like marks melted into the surface of it. This stone also become a subject of cult with the elapse of time. People used to claim in past, that it also is a source of healings, and that it restores fertility. Unfortunately, between 1981 and 2004 this stone mysteriously disappeared from the area where it used to lie. Perhaps it is the same stone, which presently is placed under the cross visible on the above photo on the left side of the church, and in enlarged form shown in Figure 21. (But I personally was unable to recognise it from the external appearance, nor was able to dig it out from the ground to see whether it has the technological melted marks that I remember from my previous sightings of it. I also have not noticed any UFO landings nearby this stone, which would certify that UFOs still are interested in it.)
Fig. 21a.

Fig. 21 (a): A close-up of the so-called "devil stone" from Emilcin near Opole Lubelskie, Poland. Photographed in 1982. Notice numerous imprints of membranaceous hands of UFOnauts (i.e. hands that have membranes between fingers like these on legs of ducks), as well as small feet of UFOnauts, visible on the surface of this stone (in old times such imprints considered to represents marks from "devil hoofs"). Notice that also the "angel stone" from vicinity of the church of St. Anna near Milicz, used to have a similar size, shape, and similar imprints on the surface. The stone illustrated above has an extraordinary history. It was by this particular stone that a Polish farmer, the late Jan Wolski, on the early morning of 10th of May 1978, caught two small, devil-like looking UFOnauts, as they manipulated something by this stone. (The appearance of faces of these small devil-like UFOnauts, as well as the appearance of their UFO vehicle, are shown in Figure Q1 from monograph [1/4]. In turn the report on the course of this extraterrestrial encounter is described in subsection Q1 from volume 14 of monograph [1/4].) This catching of UFOnauts by this stone caused, that the stone become very famous. Numerous UFO investigators started to check, whether it contained any UFO navigational beacons hidden inside of it. After it was confirmed that the stone in fact does emit regular impulses of some sort, which can even be registered on an ordinary photographic film, the stone mysteriously disappeared. Amongst UFO researchers that were aware of this rapid disappearance, various rumours started to spread, that the stone was secretly taken from Earth by devilish UFOnauts, because UFOnauts did not want to allow people to research it. In order to silence these rumours, someone anonymously send me a photo shown in Figure 21 (b) below (together with a written description of it). The hidden goal of taking and sending me this photo from part (b) of Figure 21 below, was clearly to divert our attention from the fact, that the stone was in fact taken by UFOnauts in order to disallow researching it by UFO investigators. In a very devilish and typical for UFOnauts manner, the blame for the disappearance of this stone was put on some fanatics from Warsaw, who supposedly "stole" this stone from Emilcin, and hide it under some sort of viaduct in Warsaw. But whether this was the truth - check the deductions provided under the photograph 21 (b).
       All "devil stones", including in this number the one from the above photograph, display various technological imprints that are melted into their surface. On the above stone from Emilcin in Poland, these imprints take the shape of small footprints similar to childish ones, and membranaceous handprints of UFOnauts (with membranes between fingers). Research of these stones confirms, that they emit strange radiation, which produce white patches on non-developed photographic films placed on their surface. (These patches are illustrated in Fig. K3(c) from monograph [1e].) Furthermore, the geographical location of these stones forms on maps a kind of regular network.
       One of such strange stones was located by the church of St. Anna in Karlow near Milicz. It could be the one shown on "Fig. 22" below, although I doubt this. This stone was a source of numerous sightings of "supernatural creatures" (means UFOnauts) which frequently were seen by this church.

Fig. 21b.

Fig. 21 (b): The above photograph is extremely unusual. Attributes and circumstances of taking this photo suggest that most probably it was taken by UFOnauts themselves, from a deck of an invisible UFO vehicle that was hovering in the air and remained invisible to people being photographed. It was posted to me anonymously (although with a good description), soon after a mysterious disappearance of this stone from Emilcin instigated amongst UFO investigators from Poland various rumours, that this stone was removed from Emilcin on purpose by UFOnauts, in order to make impossible for people to investigate the navigational devices which were hidden by UFOnauts inside of this stone. It can be deducted, that in the intention of someone who send me this photograph and the explanatory note that accompanied it, was to document conclusively that the stone from Emilcin, disappeared NOT to disallow research on it by people, but because a group of fanatics of some sort from Warsaw just stole it secretly from Emilcin. However, even if one accept this suggestion, that the stone was actually stolen from Emilcin by some fanatics NOT by UFOnauts, still it does not explain the motives why it was removed from the place where it was accessible for every UFO researcher and where it could be subjected to various experiments, and then hidden in some place unknown to other people where no-one is able to carry out any research on it. Furthermore, one need also remember, that UFOnauts are able to hypnotise people and order them under hypnosis specific post-hypnotic suggestions. So even if the stone was stolen from Emilcin by people, it does NOT eliminate the possibility, that this theft was hypnotically ordered to these people by UFOnauts. Especially, that there is such a stubborn campaign carried out by various people, to disclaim that this stone was removed by UFOnauts. (From the to-date research on UFOnauts it is known, that when UFOnauts destroy any evidence of their activities on Earth, then they always do it in such a manner, that the blame for this destruction always fall onto specific people - for details see subsection VB4.1.3 from volume 17 of monograph [1/4].) It is known that the "devil stone" from Emilcin before the World War Two was declared a "monument of nature" (it was listed in the official register of "devil stones", "angel stones", and "holly footprints" from the territory of Poland). So the possible stealing of this stone from Emilcin and hiding from people under some unknown viaduct in Warsaw, not only that supports intention of devilish UFOnauts who do not want this stone to be researched, but it also is vandalism of a famous monument of nature. If it lies in my power, I would find people responsible of the disappearance of this stone from Emilcin, and I would order these people to remove the stone from hiding and to return it to Emilcin onto the previous place, so that it could be found easily by interested people and subjected to further scientific research.

#21. Devil and angel stones and UFOs:

       In Medieval times UFOnauts placed on Earth a huge network of extraordinary stones. These stones contained inside broadcasting devices of some sort. In turn on the surface they had technologically looking imprints melted into their material. After locations of these stones were imposed on the map, it turned out that they form a regular net on the surface of our planet. The only explanation that so-far justified reasons for the regular positioning of these stones on Earth, and also for emitting radiation by them, is that UFOnauts utilised the rays emitted by these stones as a unique network of radio-beacons. So these unique stones were used by UFOnauts for the purpose of navigation on our planet and for precise locating of other objects existing on Earth. For UFOnauts these stones were a stationary equivalent of what today we know under the satellite system of GPS (i.e. the "Global Positioning System").
&nbs